Literary reviews by Tim Love.
Warning: Rather than reviews, these are often notes in preparation for reviews that were never finished, or pleas for help with understanding pieces. See Litref Reviews - a rationale for details.
Showing posts with label =novels=. Show all posts
Showing posts with label =novels=. Show all posts

Wednesday, 9 September 2020

"The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie" by Muriel Spark

A progressive spinster in 1930s Edinburgh is a teacher who has picked out six junior girls for special attention. She takes them to the opera, has them over for tea and cakes, etc. She wants to train them up for their lives ahead. She continues to see them after they leave her class (when they're 12). She admires individualism, the arts over the sciences, strong men like Hitler. She fancies the married art teacher but spends nights with the single music teacher. Time switches back and forwards for a paragraph or 2 at a time - back to when the girls were 10; forwards to when one of them, married, visits her grave, etc. The girls talk about her, wondering if she's having an affair with another teacher. Sandy, one of her girls, fantasises about talking to heros in romantic novels or Pavlova. She helps write a series of imagined love letters that Brodie might have written to a teacher. She meets Brodie years later in a hotel, describing her as "that obnoxious woman". After having become Brodie's trusted confidante (she doesn't seem to have any friends) Sandy became a psychologist then a nun. We learn about Jean Brodie mostly through what she says to the girls. Her female colleagues don't like her. The head plots to get rid of her, trying to get evidence from Brodie's chosen ones. The art teacher invites them all round, gets 2 of them to model for him, sleeps with Sandy, who thinks that the portraits he does of them all look like Brodie. One of her set betrays her so that she has to retire early. She never finds out who it was, though we know before the novel's half over

There's repetition (we're frequently reminded that Sandy has small eyes, that the music teacher has short legs, etc), though generally the different context brings out different meanings. There's much dramatic irony - we know things that characters don't know. It's fast and funny - much funnier than "Lucky Jim" for example.

Other reviews

  • Alan Taylor (It is at once traditional and experimental. Rich in period detail, it is nevertheless as spare and taut as one of Simenon’s thrillers and as light as a soufflé. It is the dialogue in particular that makes it sing [] It took her little more than four weeks to compose its forty thousand and so words. [] Miss Brodie – ‘an Edinburgh Festival all on her own’ – is the personification of irony. Everything she says and does can be read from an alternative point of view. [] her school mate Frances Niven said that ‘75%’ of Miss Brodie was surely Miss Christina Kay, the teacher both of them had at Gillespie’s. Hers, noted Niven, were the expression ‘crème de la crème’ and the extra lessons on art and music. ‘She it was who took us both (who were especial favourites of hers –? – part of the as yet unborn Brodie Set) to see Pavlova’s last performance at the Empire Theatre. Who took us for afternoon tea at McVitie’s.’ [] The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie was first published in the United States where it had previously appeared almost in its entirety in a single issue of the New Yorker. [] reviews of The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie were mixed. Some reviewers expressed bafflement while others had trouble fathoming what the novel was ‘about’. At least one critic felt that Spark had written too many books too quickly

Saturday, 5 September 2020

"The River Capture" by Mary Costello (Canongate, 2019)

An audio book. As Luke wanders around we learn in snippets about his life (and about James Joyce's). He muses, "in a drift of thoughts". He likes looking at the river - tidal though 12 miles inland. We piece together the details - he's in his mid-thirties, realised in his mid-twenties that he was bisexual, lives in a big farmhouse, a teacher on leave trying to write a book on Joyce. He had an extended affair with Maeve. He meets Ruth. We learn about Ellen (aunt, spent decades in the States, jilted almost at the altar by Ruth's father), Josie (aunt? went mute when Una fell down a well and died, died herself after chemo), Lucy (his sister in Australia), his mother who died 2 years back, Iris who misscarriaged?

Ellen life was blighted by Ruth's father about 50 years before. Ellen insists that he give up Ruth. So he does, even though she's coming round to accept his bisexuality.

Some early chapters are short stories with pattern and surprise. The later ones are in Question and Response form (like part of Ulysses?). The questions are more like sub-section headings, e.g. "How does he occupy himself for the evening?" It also has many lists - items in his studio, his books, the similarities between him and Bloom. Narrative doesn't quite disappear - there's a phone call with Ruth. If you're into "interesting facts" you're in for a treat. The author uses up ideas at a fierce pace - syphilis and creativity; multiverses; how to calculate the percentage of the human body that comes from plants. Luke goes out to look at the river - "on the water a trail of God's saliva, the glint of little fishes, the lustre of weeds and grasses, the tremelo of wind in the trees, the blood wounds of the town and its hinterlands trickling into the river, [] the drenched world made visible [] old boats and bicycles marinating in mud, bottles and cans and footballs and dolls and chicken bones and [] Madge Cockran's yellow Escort [] all washed in the blood of the river". Luke experiences epiphanies and euphoria.

The river never goes away. The term "river capture" is explained - it's when one river merges into another. In the last minute of the book "I felt my soul approaching the soul of the river ... I let my soul commingle and become the river's dream". At the end he's still alive on the bank, but he's lost his cat.

It's really 2 books. You can like one without liking the other.

Other reviews

  • Hilary White
  • Eilis O'Hanlon (There are chapters which tell the story more naturalistically, then the author dives back into Luke's head as one thought sparks another. He has heartburn. He remembers that pregnant women get heartburn. He recalls a child that miscarried, whether boy or girl he doesn't know. He notes that more males die in utero, and men die younger generally. He wonders if animals miscarry. He thinks of Stephen Dedalus. ... in terms of difficulty, Costello's second novel is much closer to Ulysses than Finnegans Wake, and it does, largely, reward the required effort.)
  • Carola Huttmann (The last third of the novel is an extended Joycean existential ramble meant to show Luke’s confused state of mind following Ellen’s revelation and her urging that he break things off with Ruth. Drowning his misery in red wine and memories of the past he sinks to ever lower depths of mental anguish.)
  • Melissa Harrison (She renders Luke as a convincing blend of Leopold Bloom and a modern-day man with his own particularities. Likewise, the relationship between Luke and the tidal river, and the patterning that underlies the novel’s structure, are accomplished and satisfying; but having divided the book so strictly into two, the incoming tide that powered the first half becomes rather obstructed, and is at risk of petering out.)
  • Alex Preston (beautifully crafted if obscure)
  • Nick Major (The sudden "capture" of Luke’s life by another novelistic style – one that is composed of a series of long-winded questions and answers –makes for laborious reading. It is almost as if second half is composed of notes the author has made when she was creating Luke’s character, which might well be the point. Regardless of this messy ending, Costello deserves praise for her attempts at formal experimentation, ... too much of her prose is hyperbolic and vague (sex, for example, is described as "the transmutation of lowly instincts into godly essence".) Add this stylistic flaw to the other faults – the "key of life" musings, the superfluous passages about religion and Luke’s eating habits, and the mewling protagonist himself – and you end up with a rather boring novel.)
  • Goodreads

Wednesday, 26 August 2020

"The Promise" by Alison Bruce (Constable, 2014)

The audio book version, read well by Jonathan Broadbent (though he pronounces "Gwydir Street" as "Gweedir Street"). It's set in Cambridge. I know all the locations (I lived in one of the streets). When a character turns left at a junction I know where they're going.

A parallelism starts the story. Gary Goodhew and Sue (they're police - Gary's having time off after injury) are haunted by the death of a colleague, Kelly. Kyle (25, father of 20-month-old Harry and husband of Hannah) is haunted by the death of Lilla. Badly injured while being a soldier, he's living in Cambridge. Hannah's put them into debt.

A vagrant is found having been violented murdered in market square, one of Gary's occasional informers. The eyes have been mutilated. Gary turns up for work because he wants to investigate the case. At first they don't even know the victim's name - he's "Ratty" to them. They find a decomposed woman's body in a lock-up that someone using Ratty's name has been renting for years. The corpse has the same mutilated eyes as Ratty had. Kyle's fingerprints are there.

Sue discovers that Gary's grandfather was murdered in his house when Gary was 11 and that Gary doesn't know. All the older generation of policeman do (a wave of them, including Gary's boss, are reaching retirement age). Gary's grandmother knows too. It was her idea to keep the nature of the death secret.

In Chapter 21 (of 58) a (new?) first-person voice appears - a man whose wife of 21 years suddenly leaves him, taking their 2 daughters. In a later chapter he moves from Cambridge to near Ely, and seems to have decided that the best way to deal with grief is impose worse grief on others. He uses words like "meander" and makes a craft demo at a market into an extended metaphor about life.

Meanwhile Kyle's hiding in Hannah's loft wondering whether to fight or flee. He tells his little sister that he found a body in a lock-up garage while attempting petty theft, and blackmailed the person who used the garage. That person had threatened Kyle's family, which is why Kyle was in hiding.

Hannah's found dead, eyes mutilated. Leah had disappeared. By now Gary knows that Addis, the police doctor, is the murderer. They find Kyle, who doesn't trust the police at first. Kyle arranges a meeting with Addis at 2am near the football stadium, the police in position. Addis is arrested Leah is saved (she's in another lock-up garage).

The final chapter's much longer than the previous dozen or so. It begins "Three days later." Addis has been writing a book about grief. There are extracts from his "research" - his plan was to study 10 families for 10 years. There's an epilogue beginning "Two weeks later". Gary recalls more about the day of his grandfather's murder. He was in the house when it happened, hiding under a bed, which he'd promised his grandfather to stay under.

Many of the characters are surprisingly self-analytical. Leah in particular is far too insightful. It's fair enough for an author to articulate a character's thoughts on their behalf, but it goes further than that.

Some passages are literary, or describe near-telepathy. Telepathy's useful when the author wants to remain invisible.

  • "Her bedroom has been emulsioned in a shade of mint green. It had dried more turquoise and she preferred it that way. Streetlamps and moonlight kept it toned down to grey, but now she could pick out a film of colour and she tried to work out whether extra light was also filtering up the stairs and through her doorway" (Ch 4)
  • "He held Marx's gaze until he was sure that the correct unspoken message had passed between them. It was an almost invisible softening of his boss's expression that told him it had" (Ch 10)
  • "She heard a slight edge to her voice and in return a sudden stubbornness in his expression. Goodhew masked it by passing her a can of Pepsi" (Ch 37)

The phrasing seems clumsy in places -

  • "She was on her own, literally" (introduction)
  • "The distant thoughts were muddy in his thinking" (Ch 3)
  • "For a moment she drifted back to the moment when" (Ch 37)

Were it read at a workshop I might comment that

  • There are too many words. For example, the dialogue's good and doesn't need its nuances explained.
  • When the author has something to say, PoV-integrity is cheaply breached.

It's a page-turner.

Other reviews

  • John Cleal (this sixth story in the series makes me wonder if Alison Bruce isn’t running short on ideas for her conflicted, obsessional, but intuitive hero. ... The story works well enough as a standalone, but constant references to past incidents make it more difficult to understand either Goodhew and his idiosyncrasies or even the more straightforward Gully.)
  • Jim Napier
  • viewson (It is a good enough book and one that I would not have stopped reading. That said I simply didn’t find it as tense or as compelling as I would have liked this sort of police thriller to be. As I’ve said I found Gary Goodhew a good character and that would apply to Sue Gully to some degree. However most of the other characters lacked some depth for me.)
  • goodreads

Saturday, 4 July 2020

"Fiction 4the future" (HarperCollins, 2012)

A chapter or two from some novels

  • Chad Harbach - Harry, a shy 17 y.o. baseball fanatic, is offered a sports scholarship, the distant college so keen to have him that a student with a single room is given compensation so that Harry can share. I wasn't impressed by the sample.
  • Darran McCann - I like this far more. It's 1917, and an Irish hero's returning home after years. He arrives just as a dance is ending - the priest is trying to make people come home. There's secret drinking. He's aware that he's the star of the show.
  • Lily Tuck - "His hand is growing cold; still she holds it. Sitting at his bedside, she does not cry". It's evening, and her husband has suddenly died. She thinks back to their wedding, to how they met in Paris, etc. He was a mathematician, which leads to the use of some unlikely analogies.
  • Will Wiles - someone's looking after the flat of a house-proud friend. Didn't see much to enjoy.
  • Evan Mandery - The blurb says "Imagine a brainier version of The Time Traveller's Wife rewritten by Woody Allen back when he was still funny". The crazy golf is fun.
  • Nicci Cloke - 25 y.o. Fitz and Saffy are a couple. "To Lilah, anyone without beauty or wealth was boring ... We did the lines". According to the blurb, Saffy later in the novel has problems.
  • Bonnie Jo Campbell - Margo, 15, had sex with her uncle Cal. Her father wasn't happy, and wanted Margo to claim it was rape. She likes using guns, killing deer at 30 yards. Her mother left suddenly a year before, wanting to find herself. It's rich in local detail, promising.
  • Anjali Joseph - she's in Paris. She meets up with some people. "He was tall, broad-shouldered. She made these observations to herself. and a delight rose up in her." She goes to bed with him. It was unsatisfying. I wouldn't buy the book.
  • Sam Thompson - Interesting in parts, working out who the narrator was, and what the city was like. But it went on a bit.

Saturday, 30 May 2020

"Edwin's Ghost" by H.M.Critchell (2018)

Prologue - Dec 2012, an old man is cleaning his cornet. Chapter 1 - Feb 2012, Evie (separated for 6 years from abusive husband) is giving her bullied 11 y.o. son Bill a lift to school. Chapter 2 - 1920. Lizzie, a servant, is attending to Edwin, 22, a cornet player. The action switches between these two time-lines.

In 2012 Evie and Bill move into a cottage. Bill sees ghosts in their new place, which is where Edwin's best friend John died. His mother plays along for Bill's sake, though she's scared, anxious, or resentful. She asks herself "Was it years of social conditioning that made her believe that ghosts could only be frightening?". She's an artist specialising in pets. Psychic researchers corroborate Bill's story.

Back in the 1920 thread, Edwin takes a liner to the States. On board he meets white grandparents of a grandson Jack, who's into Jazz. They inform him about US racism and offer him a place to stay. Later Edwin is in Kansas City. It's 1922. He writes letters to Sam, Susan, and Lizzie. He says "I've had a major culture shock to contend with", which sounds rather modern. He marries a black singer, and they have a child. They suffer racial abuse. He gets killed in a drive-by shooting.

2012: The ghosts say that Lizzie's girl should be tracked down. Evie finds her - and old lady living in Babraham. Within 3 paragraphs she says "stories from before our time ... It hadn't been lived in for some time ... it was boarded up at the time ... all the time we were there ... Adam had a right old time ... my grandparents' time". With the help of ghosts, letters are found, and Edwin's son (who's been in Liverpool since he was 2) is tracked down just before he dies. Evie finds someone to love - Lizzie's grandson.

The plotting's ok, and so is the dialogue. The mystery/puzzle-solving aspect works ok too. As a page-turner it succeeds, though characters are either Goodies or Baddies. Bill in particular is two-dimensional.

Structurally, there's too much repetition of plot. Too much of Lizzie's diary is quoted, telling us what we already know (though it's new to Evie). And we learn twice the details about Edwin's house being destroyed.

The main problem though is the language. Here's the start of chapter One

Bill sat in the back of the car looking glum. His bottom lip far outreached his top lip and there was a knot in Evie's gut that she couldn't ignore as she glanced at him in her rear-mirror.
'Sweetheart, tell me what's wrong,' she said quietly.
He didn't answer but turned his face away and looked out of the car window.

Instead I'd try

Evie glanced at Bill in her rear-mirror. He looked glum, his bottom lip far outreaching his top one. Evie couldn't ignore the knot in her gut.
'Sweetheart,' she said, 'tell me what's wrong.'
He turned his face away and looked out of the window.

45 words instead of 62. The start of Chapter Five needs rewriting

Since moving into Keepers Cottage, Evie realised that Bill had never been happier. She and Bill had moved into the cottage on a warm, August day and, within no time, the energy of the ancient woodland around them had injected a degree of peace into their lives that neither of them had experienced for a very long time. Since the breakup of her marriage six years ago, the unhappiness of her son at school which prompted her to home school him, and the difficulties of earning income as a single mother, it had been a constant struggle to keep a calm and rational head on her shoulders.
The peace and tranquility of this isolated cottage, on a country park in rural Cambridgeshire, was just what they both needed. And, mercifully, it was a long way from people

This repeats some info-dumping from earlier and also has internal repetition. Peace is injected, and I doubt that we need to be told that an isolated cottage is far from people.

Another section start that needs pruning is

To compensate for the upheaval she had brought into Edwina's life, Evie took her a gift of a little painting of some Cosmos daisies that she had in her small collection.
'Oh, love,' said Edwina, 'that is so good. What a beautiful painting.'
'I wanted to give you a little something for all the mayhem I've brought into your life.'

Other passages need editing too - e.g.

  • "Evie realised that she was becoming totally irrational. And now she had shouted at her poor child for being nothing short of perfect. Evie felt wretched. She wasn't sure how much more she could cope with. She knew she was being irrational"
  • "she had lost the ability to show them compassion, empathy, and affection from the time they were very young. This wasn't of her own choosing but had developed over years of bullying and scorn from her husband. His handling of their children had been dogmatic, inflexible, and tyrannical. There was no room for empathy and no understanding of the emotional needs of the family".

There are several unfortunate word choices -

  • "Both Edwin's love of music and his sound integrity were anathema to Richard Knight". Having "music" and "sound integrity" so close isn't a good idea.
  • Idioms are confused in "her son wasn't one for making up stories or telling fibs by any stretch of the imagination"
  • Evie says to her sister Fran that "Bill's been an angel." Given that the discussion's about his approach to ghosts, the choice of idiom is unfortunate.

Saturday, 18 April 2020

"Consider Phlebas" by Iain M. Banks (Orbit, 2011)

SF first published in 1987. It's Space Opera with much fighting and chases. There were long sections that I struggled to get through.

Horza, a Changer, is caught up in a war involving the Culture and the three-legged Idirians. A Mind hides on a planet. Basic-humans find changers revolting - "Individuality, the thing which most humans held more precious than anything else about themselves, was somehow cheapened" (p.46). "the Culture's attitude to somebody who believed in an omnipotent God was to pity them, and no take no more notice of the substance of their faith than one would take of the rantings of somebody claiming to be Emperor of the Universe" (p.157). On p.177 we hear from the Mind, which is rather dormant.

By the end, most of the characters have died. The future lives of the few survivors are described in a biographies section at the end.

Other reviews

  • Illustrated page (I feel like some of this should have been cut. I particularly disliked chapter six, which was a very gross foray into cannibalism that I don’t think was at all necessary. The book also kept cutting to a woman who lived in the Culture, the AI based civilization. She was not at all related to the plot and never interacted with any of the other characters, so I guess her sole purpose was to illuminate the theme of the novel by reflecting on the war? I don’t think her chapters were necessary, and it would have made for a tighter novel if Banks had found some way to weave her observations into the main story thread. ... overall Consider Phlebas just felt dull. )

Wednesday, 18 March 2020

"La vita bugiarda degli adulti" by Elena Ferrante (Edizioni e/o, 2019)

In the first sentence we're told that 2 years before he left home, the narrator's father said to her mother that the narrator's ugly. The first-person narrator, Giovanna, is nearly 13. Puberty isn't easy. Her parents (André and Nella) had her late. She's worried that she disrupted their lives - they seem sadder than other parents. Her father's sister Vittoria has a bad reputation in the house. He claims that he saved her from a relationship with Enzo, a married delinquent with 3 kids. She's been blacked out of photos.

They live in Naples, which feels like many cities rather than one. She doesn't like speaking Napolitano - her parents don't. She reads a lot. So does Angela, her friend. Angela has a younger sister Ida, who reads even more. She asks her friend if she's ugly, if puberty has made her more ugly. Angela's parents, Mariano and Costanza, are the best friends of Giovanna's parents.

Giovanna wants to visit her aunt because Giovanna thinks she's becoming like Vittoria. But when a meeting's arranged, Giovanna thinks Vittoria's beautiful despite her nasty personality. Vittoria still hasn't got over Enzo even after 16 years. She claims that Enzo's death was because André told Enzo's wife about the affair. And he wasn't a delinquent, he was a policeman, though he threatened André with a gun. Vittoria encourages Giovanna not to think of herself as the daughter of a narrow-minded intellectual, but as belonging to a wider family of non-intellectuals.

Who is Giovanna to believe? She's attracted by the strength of Vittoria's passions - at home she has to hide emotions. She starts lying to her parents, and lying to friends. She bunks off school for her second meeting with Vittoria, to visit Enzo's grave. Giovanna's never been to a cemetery before. At the grave-side Vittoria talks to Enzo, then is anatomically explicit about her relationship with Enzo.

Vittoria's very friendly with Enzo's widow Margherita and her 3 children - Tonino, Corrado and Giuliana. She takes Giovanna (Giannina) to visit them. Giovanna's friends are fascinated by her newly discovered relatives and want to meet them.

Giovanna thinks Mariano and her mother are having an affair. Before long her parents divorce. Apparently André and Costanza had been lovers since before Giovanna's birth. She has to re-take a year at school, but isn't supposed to tell anyone about it. Angela and Tonino get engaged. Giovanna and Corrado get friendly.

A bracelet that André's mother owned gains significance. Was it a gift from Vittorio to Giovanna? How did it get into Costanza's hands?

Giovanna, nearly 15, gets dressed to lose her virginity to Corrado, but she finds herself in church and falls in love at (nearly) first sight with the priest, Roberto, who's the fiancé of Giuliana. He was born in the area, trained in Milan, son of a well-known lawyer. He plans to return to Naples to repay some kind of moral debt, and marrying Giuliana is part of that repayment. But he doesn't send her the articles and papers he's had published

Vittoria is Giovanna's point of contact with Roberto, so she make friends with her again, and studies the bible. This commences the least believable phase of the book. She wants to be friends with Roberto, a high-flying (albeit unpretentious) intellectual 10 years her senior. She had been envious of Vittoria's everlasting love for Enzo, then was introduced to sex (she's growing fast), then she learned the power and politics of attraction. Having looked down on her father's intellectualism she now uses him to prepare for discussions with Roberto.

Tonino and Angela break up. Tonino leaves in a hurry, to Venice. Tonino was the chaperon for Roberto and Giuliana when Giuliana went to Milan. Giuliana's having doubts about Roberto. Giovanna offers to phone him, and later agrees to act as chaperon. She and Giuliana take the train. They're invited to a gathering with Roberto's colleagues. Giovanna notices how hard Giuliana tries to show Roberto that they're made for each other. She notices how his presence at the gathering is what holds the group together. That night (Giovanna's 16th birthday) Roberto and Giuliana sleep together - not for the first time. On their return journey they discover they've left the bracelet behind. Giovanna goes beck to collect it, hoping to sleep with Roberto - the ideal being to lose her virginity to. Yet when he invites her to his bed, she refuses.

Back in Naples she discovers that Ida has a failed her exams but doesn't care because she wants to spend all her time writing. Giovanna has a chance to compare herself again with Vittoria - her body and future - and is keen to lose her virginity to someone or other. At the end, as an educational exercise and on her terms, she choose Rosario.

A primary theme's Nature vs Nurture - how much upbringing and education affect outcomes. Loyalty to self needs to be balanced against loyalty to family and clan. Idealised Love loses out to pragmatic considerations. In the end, Giovanna turns out ok.

There were hints that the men who treat girls with dignity are gay. I expected more to come of it.

Why do the teenagers let Vittoria have so much control over their relationships?

Other reviews

Saturday, 22 February 2020

"Elmet" by Fiona Mozley (John Murray, 2018)

Daddy, Cathy and the narrator lived in a house that the father built in a few months, hidden in a copse. On p.4 we learn that the narrator's male. On p.5 we learn that he was 14 when they moved to the copse and that Cathy, his sister, was 15.

We learn that before then they'd lived for 14 years with Granny Morley in a small semi-detached house by the North Sea. No mother, apparently. The father's away sometimes. Cathy had been bullied by some middle-class boys at school. She thinks that "Even if she played, and even if she played well, it would always be their game" (p.34).

There's another time-line, in italics - "Years later and miles away that girl's brother trudges through mud to find her. It has been days. I have seen no trace but I still have hope" (p.46).

Daddy earns money by unofficial fighting and odd-jobs. He's kind to nature and seems to have a thought-through morality. On p.54 their mother's mentioned for the first time. They almost never spoke of her. She came and went. Cathy's teased by sons of the local landowner, Mr Price. They start having lessons with Vivian, who's about 40 and knew their mother, who grew up in the area. On p.57 we learn that the narrator's called Daniel. Chapter 4 ends ominously with the paragraph "But we had all believed Cathy".

A big fight is arranged by Price - if daddy wins, Price will give him the land the house was illegally built on. Daddy wins. Cathy turns out to be a murderer of Price's son in self-defense. Daddy appears to have stolen money from a strike fund. On p.293 Price gives an alternative view on daddy while taking revenge on him, thinking he killed Price's son. Cathy sets fire to the house. Daniel escapes. Maybe Cathy does too.

The morality of several of the characters is under scrutiny. Daniel and Cathy don't follow conventional gender roles. On p.244 the hints that Daniel's homosexual are realised. There's been discussion about gender roles and Daniel's feminine looks/habits. This may explain why the narrator's voice is so poetic, with university-level vocabulary -

  • "The soil was alive with ruptured stories that cascaded and rotted then found form once more and pushed up through the undergrowth and back into our lives" (p.5).
  • The trains "had timetables and intervals of their own, drawing growth rings around our house with each journey, ringing past us like prayer chimes" (p.6 - the double use of "ring" sound wrong, and anyway, the comparisons are fanciful).
  • The headmistress "spoke in fluid phrases that rippled against and sporadically punctured the gummed ambience" (p.44)
  • "Our copse provided ... an undulant terrain " (p.48).
  • "There were some ornaments on the mantel and I remember particularly a small clock" (p.57). I think this is the only instance of self-conscious narration.
  • "I cut circles and folded them into quarters and inserted apertures and grooves" (p.67).
  • "When we passed evergreen pines the shadows became furry as the light gathered and parted their needles like water soaking into a dog's coat" (p.71).

By the end, the minor time-line's hardy begun.

Other reviews

  • Mark Blacklock
  • Sarah Gilmartin (The strengths of “Elmet” lie in Mozley’s expressive writing and her ability to evoke atmosphere and setting. ... Mozley’s Danny is for the most part telling his story as it happens. This proves problematic when the voice of a 14-year-old, semi-schooled teenager gives way to lyricism. ... The book’s foreshadowing is underdeveloped.)

Wednesday, 19 February 2020

"La Bussola D'oro" by Philip Pullman (Salani, 1996)

I disliked the film, so never read the books. But I liked the HBO/BBC adaption, so I tackled the trilogy. It re-uses ideas from elsewhere and re-combines them. Not sure about those clockwork flying spies. The book sags with the Balloon trip and Gruman's magic at the end of book 2.

As in many other books, characters can read a great deal in the faces and glances of others when it suits the plot.

Wednesday, 30 October 2019

"Wilful Disregard" by Lena Andersson (Picador, 2015)

Ester Nilsson, living with Per, is a poet and freelance writer with a philosophy doctrate. "From the horizons of her own consciousness she perceived reality" (p.1). We're told that "The dreadful gulf between thought and words, will and expression, reality and unreality, and the things that flourish in that gulf, are what this story is about" (p.2). Her self-imposed task in life is "decoding reality and locating language's most truthful illustration of it. One day she would understand how everything was connected" (p.13).

She delivers a paper about Hugo Rask, an artist much older than her who subsequently flatters her. She falls in love, neglects Per, who gets her to leave. She's commissioned to interview Rask. They have weekly talks which seem to lead to nothing - "Hugo never followed up anything Ester said. Ester always followed up what Hugo said. Neither of them was really interested in her but they were both interested in him./ Ester made an internal note of his lack of curiosity and generosity, but did not let it influence the reverence she felt." (p.33).

She puzzles over this love, speculating that perhaps "she had engineered falling in love with Hugo because she had imperceptibly grown bored and needed this anxiety intermingled with hope and a bliss that was absolute, in order to feel alive" (p.37). She sees all his words and actions in a positive light.

She finally gets him to visit her flat and stay the night. "Then the morning's conversation began, maybe one of the more common among post-coital interchanges. Its themes were evolutionary: independence, power, weakness, strength, supply and demand, all expressed in the guise of breakfast" (p.59). He leaves in the morning without breakfast. She's aware of "the delight that sinking expectations take in the tiniest positive detail." (p.63)

She overcalculates chance remarks. The naivety and blindness of adolescent infatuation is analysed with philosophical detachment of a mature woman - "The one who wants least has the most power" (p.71). One would call it dramatic irony except that in this case the analyser is also the love-blinded victim. "It's not worth it, she felt. It's always worth it, she thought" (p.80). They meet again -

'I've got to go.'
She nodded. He was experiencing a diffuse sense of guilt. It was detectable in a certain slight lag in the way he moved his head; it disturbed his brow, the corners of his eyes and his posture.
'Are you going to stay here a bit longer and philosophize?' he said.
'Yes. I'll philosophize for a while.'
He leant forward and kissed her cheek. A distinct, affectionate, loving kiss. It was also a kiss that knew something about inadequacy. He stood still, hesitating, before he left.
She stayed a little longer but did not philosophize. It was Wednesday with a whitish haze of the sort that found its way under your collar. A day full of forebodings.
(p.71)

I don't understand some of the intellectual discussion - e.g. "Paradise was a logical nullity because life was friction and friction could only disappear at death" (p.81). Maybe it's supposed to be nonsense. Maybe it's how philosophy post-docs think, and even the logic course I did an Uni wasn't sufficient to help me understand.

He claims that "he was not interested in anything that was held in wide affection, was uniform or imposed by the elite" (p.76). She becomes more reflective, perceives his artistic weaknesses - "From fear of what he might find, he dared not seek inside himself to understand what was in other people" (p.82), beginning to think he should be grateful for her affection. She realises that "Strength and competence arouse admiration, but not love. It's the shortcomings in a person that inspire love. But those shortcomings are not enough. ... sooner or later aggressions will be generated by the very thing that arouses affection." (p.97), that "He came across much warmly to strangers" (p.105), and that "The closeness that makes anger permissible was the closeness he did not want to have with her" (p.108). The narrator points out that "Ester was unable to see that ... Words were not enduring monuments to intentions and truths. They were sounds to fill silences with" (p.119)

Having pestered him with phone-calls and texts, never returned, she gives him a break for a couple of months. She phones Per, who starts phoning her back, still hurt. "Ester found it hard to accept she could mean that much to Per, she didn't think it had seemed that way over the years and therefore she didn't really believe him" (p.124). She realises that "Something that had been of crucial importance to her had been nothing but a way of passing the time to Hugo" (p.125). She bumps into him in a cafe. He admits what she'd suspected: that while he'd been seeing her he was with another women. Still was. He argues that monogamy is petty bourgeois. He says he left her because "You've got your life ahead of you. I haven't" (p.132).

The narrator tells us that Ester doesn't understand that people might lie to her because they're kind. "What she missed was that even if her view of the matter was the most reasonable it was not perceived as such, but only as a sign of rigid irreproachability. Which generates shame, which leads to lies. People lie to be free" (p.138)

Months later, Hugo and Ester meet at a party. She realises that "everything in existence wants to live and hope is no exception. It is a parasite ... Its survival lies in a well-developed ability to ignore everything that is not favourable to its growth while pouncing on anything that will feed it" (p.143). She realises that "everybody loved and wept in the same way and for much the same reasons, everybody betrayed and was betrayed in the same way and everybody thought: No one has ever loved like this before" (p.145). She sounds naive to me, despite having a "girl-friend chorus" to support her.

Months later, he e-mails her. Months after that he invites her to a preview of a documentary about him. She thinks the film "embarrassingly deferential". Months later they meet by chance at a boring party and argue. She says that he "mercilessly condemns people's morality". He claims that he only condemns those with power, while she criticizes people whether they have power or not.

She realises that she thinks giving her body to him implies duties on his part, then realises that this logic involves outdated gender roles and honour. She writes an article about it, sends it to a magazine. It's rejected. After a few months, on a whim, she returns a DVD to him in person. He's about to have meal with a young female colleague. They invite Ester along. She accepts. She starts another argument about class politics and power (Stalin, the Taliban), suggesting that his outlook is shallow and self-contradictory. She want to have a final talk with him about their relationship, for closure. It doesn't happen.

"When the parasite Hope is taken from its carrier the Host, the carrier either dies or is set free" (p.195). At the end, a year has passed, and "There was nothing left to understand."

If you find the thoughts about love that I've quoted above insightful, sympathize with her dilemma, and admire her stamina, you'll like this book.

Other reviews

  • Julie Myerson (This is a slim volume, but every word packs a punch; every other sentence is so wise and funny that it begs to be quoted ... I think it’s a novel about shame. The shame of rejection, the shame of self-deception, the blushing, excruciating shame that comes of being the one without the power, the one who longs the hardest and cares the most.)
  • KH Macomber
  • kirkus reviews (The book is lean and compulsively readable as Ester finds increasingly improbable reasons to cling to hope.)

Wednesday, 2 October 2019

"Sangue e neve" by Jo Nesbo (Einaudi, 2015)

In the first chapter the main character Olav (a liquidator for his boss Hoffman), who's just killed someone, lists his weakness. They often derive from his mother - weak-willed, submissive, short tempered, bad with numbers, dyslexic. He reads many library books, remembers many assorted facts and quotes. He doesn't like dealing with drugs or prostitutes. He doesn't like hold-ups or getaway driving. He likes Maria, a deaf-mute cripple he helped save from a drug-pusher. He gave a lot of money to the widow of one of his victims.

He worries that when he knows too much about his boss he'll be liquidated. At the end of the chapter, Hoffman tells him that his next job is to kill Hoffman's wife, Corina, for 5 times his usual fee. As soon as he starts casing the joint, he falls in love with her.

He kills her young lover who visits daily, finds out that he was Hoffman's son by his first marriage, escapes with Corina, arranges a deal with his ex-boss, il Pescatore, to kill Hoffman. Olav's killed 3 of il Pescatore's men when he found that il Pescatore had planned to get him killed.

We discover that Olav's father physically abused his mother, that Olav killed his father (who'd just come out of jail), and that Olav had planned to go to University.

Corina and Olav get on very well. They get tickets to escape to Paris. After Hoffman's killed, one of il Pescatore's men shoots Olav. Corina knew about it. Olav hobbles on to meet Maria, then dies.

I liked the book when we were learning about Olav. It became linear and more predictable towards the end.

Saturday, 31 August 2019

"Missing" by Alison Moore (Salt, 2018)

Instead of info-dumping, the main character, Jessie, has recollections rather unconvincingly sparked off by events and objects. We learn that she was born in Cambridgeshire, moving to Hawick Scotland after her first marriage (to Brendan) ended (13 years before the time of the book). She lives in a house where she believes her great-great-grandmother used to live. In Wawick she married Will, who left without warning one morning. She's a translator, 49, with a son Paul (about 30). In chapter 1 she's at a conference. Chapter 2 flashes back to 1985, when she was 18 and on holiday with her older sister Gail, Gail's husband Gary and their daughter Eleanor. Then there are a few lines on a page, including "I found myself waking up feeling homesick and thinking of Jessie, and I decided I would send her a message; I would tell her: I'm on my way home". Little messages in this vein appear between other chapters too.

There are early hints that Eleanor is missing and Jessie is implicated. Or does the title refer to Will, who's not been in touch since he left months before? Or Paul?

On p.70 there are interesting plots of stories she's translating, including ghost stories. She wonders whether her house is haunted. She's reading a biography of DH Lawrence - "Lawrence was now abroad with no desire ever to go home again, while Frieda struggled to gain access to the children she had abandoned" (p.76). Another theme emerges of codes, misunderstandings and communication - her translation work, Frieda being accused of messaging to Germans; Jessie leaving messages in library books, etc. She's deaf in one ear. Why?

She's apparently been showing too much interest in the 17 y.o. boy next door, her unawareness of this perhaps a sign of her mental state.

She meets Robert, a near stranger, in her local, tells him about some ghost poems, goes home to find that her old mug's been broken. Next time they eat together she sleeps with him. On p.140, about 80% through the book, the two of them are in the local. Stewart's there. Jessie tells Robert that when Will was driving a train he hit Stewart's son, who was still in a coma. Will couldn't cope with work after. Um ... it's a bit late to tell us about that.

The inter-chapter notes to us become postcards to her. She recognises Will's handwriting. It's nearly Xmas. She stays a night with her sister. Gary's never forgiven her. She discovers that she's pregnant. She texts Robert about it. When she sees him on the street he says "Your house is just a house ... There is no ghost" (p.170). She considers having an abortion. In the final chapter, Will arrives at the empty house. There are hints that Jessie's caught a train, or plans to catch one soon. The final sentence is "The house is quiet, apart from the sound of it trying to settle" (p.170).

Everything (a jigsaw, a cup) is an aide-memoire, setting off a cascade of memories or analogies. Mood is generated by those unrelated snippets and flights of fancy -

  • Eleanor's favourite story was a picture book about Frogmen: amphibious creatures that lived in the vast, deep sea but sometimes surfaced ... And these Frogmen lived alone, and they were lonely, but in the end, in the final pages of the picture book, they began to find one another, and to make friends, and to fall in love ... The book fell through the railings and into the sea ... 'Perhaps a Frogman will find it,' said Jessie (p.18)
  • a little girl was toing and froing beneath a street lamp, running into and out of the wash of orange light. With an outstretched hand, the child seemed to be trying to touch the lamplight and then - as if to see if it felt any different - the darkness (p.25)
  • She had, of course, more than one great-great-grandmother: she had eight of them, a good number for a dinner party, she thought. She imagined having them all over, all the great-great-grandmothers, and cooking a huge lasagne for them. Mentally, she sat them down around her dining table - it would necessitate putting the extra leaf in the table to make it long enough, and she would have to bring in the piano stool and a couple of folding chairs (p.28)
  • She had read a book about scientists recording the faint sound of two black holes colliding more than a billion years ago, the collision causing waves that could still be detected now. People were always finding things that you had not realised anyone was looking for. She would not even have known where to start (p.31)
  • For Jessie, in childhood, the real treats had been in tins: alphabet soup or spaghetti hoops, which were like alphabet pasta but just the Os, the language of ghosts (p.69)

She's good at significant detail though the symbolism can be pushed too far - e.g. on p.51 there's "Her eyes strayed from her book to a crack at the top of the wall ... disappeared under the doorframe, heading out into the hallway. Or perhaps it had started out there and was coming in ... When she switched off the light, she could not see the crack, but of course it was still there". On p.132 there's "She ought to have run, like a greyhound let out of its box. She always felt so sorry for those skinny greyhounds, so thin they might just snap, pelting after a hare that they could never ever catch".

Since 2012 Alison Moore has published 4 novels for adults and a book of short stories. She's not been ignored (2 of the novels were Observer Books of the Year) but should she be more highly regarded than she is? She says that she "naturally seem[s] to write short novels, all under 50,000 words" which perhaps doesn't help. And she's still with her first publisher.

Other reviews

  • Anna Aslanyan (The main narrative is interspersed with flashbacks to 1985 and with anonymous messages, in which someone tells Jessie they are coming home. The interruptions grow longer; the tension increases. And then, without breaking the rhythm, Moore swiftly brings the story to an end, reminding you that life can be a realist drama and a romance, a horror story and an existential novel – often all of these things at once, and more.)
  • Nina Allen
  • Hamish Robertson (In The Lighthouse, the reader is drip-fed information about two very different lives, both charged with unhappiness, that intersect explosively in a hotel in Germany. So compelling is the build-up, that the climax is silent — as if the explosion had beaten the reader to the punch. The same highly engineered, drip-feed technique is applied in Missing, but the crisis never comes. What does come is more drift-like, rhythmical and mysterious: change.)
  • Cath Barton (Reading Missing for the second time I found it multi-layered, full of reflection on the nature of our experience, and yet written with such immediacy and freshness that the pages fly past. There is tragedy at its core, and yet the characters carry on, as people do.)
  • bunchmunch

Wednesday, 24 July 2019

"The Psychology of Time Travel" by Kate Mascarenhas‎ (Head of Zeus, 2018)

  • Margaret (baroness), Lucille (black, from Toxteth), Grace and Barbara discover time-travel in 1967. After a few trips, Barbara has a breakdown. Was it a coincidence?
  • In another time-line starting in 2017, Ruby Rebello, Barbara's grand-daughter is staying with Barbara. They get a hint that on 6th Jan, 2018, there'll be a time-travel related death.
  • A third time-line begins on 6th Jan, 2018 when Odette, a Cambridge student born in the Setchelles who's a Toy museum volunteer in her vacation, finds a dead body in a room locked from the inside. Murder. She seeks trauma therapy with Ruby because she's having flashbacks.

The book flicks between these 3 time-lines.

In this book people can't go back any further than the moment of the time machine's creation, and no further forward than 2267 (a detail never explained). The UK has a monopoly on the fuel. A form of radio communication through time is possible. There are 3 main types of traveller - physicists, spies/entrepeneurs/scholars, and maintenance staff. "The Conclave" manage time-travel with laws that value divine judgement more than fairness - trial by ordeal etc. On p.113 it's explained that the maintainers can't be paid by the year, nor is it clear what currency they should be given.

Time-travel's part of the culture,

  • Grace does a painting in reverse, the finishing touches first. It goes on show at the Tate Modern.
  • Toys - "Candybox" - are on sale that make sweets disappear for a few moments by shifting them in time for a minute.
  • As part of job interviews at The Conclave, interviewees time travel

but time-travellers have their own private culture too -

  • "When you're a time-traveller, the people you love die, and you carry on seeing them, so their death stops making a difference to you. The only death that will ever change things is your own" (p.54).
  • Young women go ahead in time to meet themselves soon after they first give birth.
  • Jargon has developed. "Feeling angry with someone for things they won't do wrong for years is called zeitigzorn" (p.109). Non-time travellers are called "emus" (because they can't go backwards). "Infidelity committed with a past or future self was called me-timing" (p.145)
  • The same woman from several times all meet for a pre-wedding hen do (p.85)
  • Adultery across time is common-place
  • When time-travellers get engaged their birth and death dates are engraved inside their rings
  • "if you've heard about an incident for years, actually experiencing it feels like a release. We call it - Completing" (p.207)
  • 'Sometimes,' Fay mused, 'I like watching people have emotions I don't feel any more' (p.214)
  • By the 22nd century "psychology was a relic. It had largely been replaced by theological determinism" (p.186)
  • "acausal matter" appears from nowhere. Maybe "time travel recreates an excess of energy that generates these objects" (p.229)
  • After a partner dies, they're still reachable in the past, so is remarriage adultery? "Every other dead person was reachable by time machine, which made one's own death uniquely final and lonely" (p.273)

The writing can be quite dense, with observation, clues and information intermixing

She stopped at a second-hand bookstall. The bookseller was completing a crossword.
'Back again?' he said to Odette. His false teeth were a little too large.
She smiled politely. He had confused her with somebody else.
One of the book trays contained foreign language novels. She rifled through the French section, looking for something her mother, Claire, might like to read
(p.37)

Subplots abound. Ruby is a lesbian. Her mother, Dinah, is going out with Henry, a church-goer. Ruby regrets trying to get Barbara to join her erstwhile colleagues at The Conclave when she learns that Barbara's tried to kill herself in the past. Ruby and Grace become intimate in 2017. Zach Callaghan, a journalist, has been investigating shady dealings within The Conclave with the help of a mole. Odette meets him, decides to apply for a job at The Conclave. Fay (Ginger's daughter) and Teddy get 3rd-person privileged attention on p.132. Teddy makes Fay juggle with his kidneys from the future.

Belief has to be suspended frequently - as much, but not as wittily, as for Hitch-hiker's Guide or Dr Who. When it suits the plot, people have trouble putting two and two together. It's as if the author wants Real people to be living in a Hitch-hiker's Guide galaxy. Cute ideas on one page wreck the plot elsewhere (not least, the locked room mystery shouldn't be a puzzle to anyone, given the prevalence of time-travel and toys that make sweets disappear).

A common piece of advice for SF/fantasy writers is to change just one feature of the world and keep the rest consistent. This book wants us to suspend disbelief in several ways -

  • Science - time-travel is tricky. There are paradoxes to deal with. After 50 years there's no technological progress - how could Barbara, after decades away from science, get a bright idea that young scientists and future people didn't get? The book shows that a person from several different times can meet themselves. Potentially billions could?
  • Society - all time-travel happens from one building in London. There's no curiosity by the public, no other countries wanting a part. Odette's surprised when at a job interview she time-travels. I'm surprising too.
  • Personality - What cognitive blind-spot could prevent Odette immediately suspecting time-travel was behind the locked-door crime? Why don't queues of people want to see the future? Couldn't The Conclave make lots of money?

Towards the end it becomes a whodunit. I realised I should have drawn a 3D diagram to work it all out. So Julie is Angharad's mother. Margaret's grandfather had the toy museum built. Odette watches a message delivered by Fay.

There's a Glossary (fun, though we've seen much of it already) and 30 pages of Psychometric tests set by the Conclave.

Other reviews

  • Sarah Ditum (There are a few awkward details that emerge strangely late on in the novel, when both smooth plotting and the logic of time travel might dictate that they should be clear from much earlier on; but overall, Mascarenhas handles the challenge she’s devised for herself with remarkable deftness.)
  • Zachary Houle (However, as much as I hate to say it for all the good that this novel does, this isn’t a terribly well-written book. ... there is a lot going on in this novel. I would argue that it’s too busy. New characters are introduced and then thrown to the wayside, making it tough to understand what’s really going on. There are also several plot holes and things that don’t make much sense ... However, the novel’s biggest sin is that it’s quite boring)
  • Annabel (Appendices at the book’s end containing a whole series of psychometric tests for time-travellers shouldn’t be ignored either, they add a final layer to the story. ... Mascarenhas has created a great cast of women characters in the original quartet augmented by Ruby and Odette, and to have devised a fiendishly clever locked room mystery to drive the plot made this novel a real page-turner that got my full attention.)
  • Ian Mond (Mascarenhas is fully aware of the rich history of the genre, and to this end, she provides the reader with a puzzle box plot, a whodun­nit told out of chronological order.)
  • Ana Grilo (a heady mix of time travel thriller and murder mystery with a dash of a lovely (lesbian) romance and a lot of diversity. It is also thought-provoking - and often very uncomfortable, so trigger warning! - when addressing the topic of mental health.)
  • Good reads

Wednesday, 17 July 2019

"The summer without men" by Siri Hustvedt (Sceptre, 2011)

The female narrator (Mia Fredricksen, a poet who teaches at university) goes a bit mad after her husband Boris (a neuroscientist) has an affair with a younger, French colleague (Boris's brother had killed himself a few years before, Boris finding the body). They have a daughter, Daisy. Out of hospital after less than a month, she stays near her mother and her mother's friends - 5 old, lively women who she learns from. She has time to think. She's in touch with her therapist, Dr. S. She writes a journal with notes about her sexual history. She's getting threatening, anonymous e-mail from "Nobody". She has bursts of free associating -

Sturm und Drang. Whose play was that? Friedrich von Klinger. Kling. Klang. Bang. Mia Fredricksen in revolt against the Stressor. Storm and Stress. Tears. Pillow beating. Monster Woman blasts into space and bursts into bits that scatter and settle over the little town of Bonden. The grand theatre of Mia Fredricksen in torment with no audience but the walls (p.17)

Later she slides from memories of school bullying to a list of forms of cultural ostracism (apes, Apaches, Amish, etc). She quotes from her poems and those of others (John Clare, etc). To help pass the time she teaches a little poetry group of 7 prepubescent girls. She observes them as they grow and reveal themselves. She dislikes their "You just have to believe in yourself" clichés. She compares their attitude to males (how they change when boys are around) to the old women's attitude.

She gets to know the neighbours - a couple (Lola and Pete) with 2 little children (one nearly 4, the other a few weeks old).

Story construction becomes a theme - I am not so philosophically naive as to believe that one can establish some empirical reality of THE STORY. We can't even agree on what we remember (p.89) ... This story of Mia and Boris begins deep in a marriage, after years of sex and talk and fights. If it is to be a comedy, then it must fall into Stanley Cavell's territory, the comedies of repetition (p.99) ... My own head was a storehouse for multiloquy, the flux de mots of myriad contrarians who argued and debated and skewered one another with mordant parley (p.101) ... The fictive is an enormous territory, it turns out, its boundaries vague, (p.103)

The phrase "Dear Reader" appears, with direct addresses to the reader -

  • Soon, you are saying, we shall come to a pass or a fork in the road. There will be ACTION. There will be more than the personification of a very dear, aging penis, more than presences and Nobodies and Imaginary Friends, or dead people (p.105)
  • We are going to leave Alice lying there ... To be frank, it's a bit boring, so we shall dispense with the long and tortured job of getting the words out of the child and return to her once she has produced them (p.119)
  • How to tell it? asks your sad, crack-brained, crybaby narrator. ... It gets a bit crowded from here on in ... And we all know that simultaneity is a BIG problem for words (p.135)
  • Mia, you are saying, get to the point (p.148)

The thoughts are interesting in themselves and also drive the character development forward. On p.123 she compares Columbus's discovery of America with Renaldus Columbus's discovery in 1559 of the clitoris - "Both the peoples who had been living on "New World" soil for thousands of years and, I dare say, most women would have been stupified by these "discoveries"". On p.146 she points out that we all begin female, an inversion of the Genesis myth.

She starts corresponding with Nobody - about consciousness, flux, change, and neural networks. Several times in the book she wants to pinpoint moments of change - becoming a women, going mad, gaining/losing identity.

The young poets and their mothers have a meeting about why one of them was bullied. It's not like male bullying. Historical attempts at investigating Male/Female differences are dealt with. The girls, with the help or mia, resolve their issues. Meanwhile some of the old women die. Mia and Boris make friends again. But what was the role of the Bea character? Or Lola?

Typo: "Onan, if you recall from page 77, was punished for wasting his seed" (p.123) (in this book, it's p.78)

Other reviews

  • Justine Morgan
  • Maria Russo (Hustvedt’s novels tend to be as somber as they are intellectually invigorating ... in keeping with the novel’s upbeat atmosphere, this time the intellectual menu includes not just Hustvedt’s usual forays into philosophy, literary theory, neurology and psychiatry, but also an investigation into romantic comedy ... What feels lacking, unfortunately, is the story itself, Mia’s respite from her marital woes via an all-female summer in Bonden.)

Wednesday, 10 July 2019

"Binti" by Nnedi Okorafor (Tor Books, 2015)

A multi award winning SF novella by an author with a literary Ph.D.

The main character Binti (16 years old, just done A-levels) has sneaked away from her family. She's on her way from Earth to Oomza Uni, the first of her race (Himba) to do so. The spaceship (a creature of sorts) is attacked by the meduse (2 meter high jellyfish). All 500 passengers except the pilot and Binti are killed by them. The Meduse chief wants his stinger back - it's at the Uni.

She is a skilled astrolabe maker and keen mathematician - "We ... challenged each other to look out at the stars and imagine the most complex equation and then split it in half and then in half again and again. When you do math fractals long enough, you kick yourself into treeing just enough to get lost in the shallows of the mathematical sea. None of us would have made it into the university if we couldn't tree, but it's not easy" (p.22).

Binti has brought her edan with her - little more than a charm until it reveals its ability to translate and protect. When they arrive, Binti convinces both sides that further bloodshed is unnecessary. A medusa stays on to be a fellow student.

All rather underwhelming, with some unconvincing plot details.

Other reviews

Wednesday, 19 June 2019

"Kudos" by Rachel Cusk (Faber and Faber, 2018)

On the inside flap it says "Kudos completes Rachel Cusk's trilogy with overwhelming power. The trilogy is one of the great achievements in fiction." Wow.

It's a succession of monologues by people (man on next plane seat, publisher, fellow author Linda, Linda's plane-seat neighbour, interviewer, tour guide, etc) who the main character meets while going to a literary conference. Typically we're given a short description of the speakers before they launch into their monologue. They're all well-spoken, analytical and revealing even if they've not met before. The words of wisdom are shared out pretty evenly amongst them. Duty vs Love, Responsibility vs Freedom are amongst the themes, particularly within marriages where there are children.

We learn about the main character mostly via the others - that's she's got married again (p.84), etc. She has 2 sons, one in his last year of school, one living with his father. A son phones her at the end, asking to fly over to her. She says yes, and goes to a nudist beach. As she swims she watches a man urinate into the sea.

I wondered if the book could have been a non-fiction piece about modern parent-hood from a woman's perspective - how the promise of equality and feminism has turned out. As it is, the illustrative anecdotes are too long, stopping before conclusions can be drawn. Little is gained by introducing the characters because they're all much the same.

Here are some extracts that caught my eye while I was trawling for connections -

Pre-emptive self-criticism

  • "She never said anything unless she had something important to express, which made you realise how much of what people generally said - and he included himself in this statement - was unimportant" (p.94)
  • "It's a saddening thought, she said, that when a group of women get together, far from advancing the cause of femininity, they end up pathologising it" (p.132)
  • "He had noticed, for instance, that my characters were often provoked into feats of self-revelation by means of a simple question" (p.145)
  • "what would his poetry be worth if he wrote it while living in the same zoo as all the other denatured animals, safe but not free?" (p.184)
  • "where everything was discussed but nothing examined, so that there was no danger of passing through the mirror, as he put it, into the state of painful self-awareness where human fictions lose their credibility" (p.200)
  • "'Not everyone is cruel. Perhaps,' he said, 'you have just been unlucky'" (p.202)
  • "You can't tell your story to everybody, I said. Maybe you can only tell it to one person" (p.230)

A couple, plus one

  • Linda talks about a story she's been struggling with. She got "talking to a writer who told her that every day, when he sat down to write, he would think of an object that didn't mean anything to him and would set himself the task of including it somewhere in that day's work ... he suggests a hamster ... The problem, she now saw, was that she had been trying to describe her husband and daughter using materials - her feelings - that no one else could see. The solid fact of the hamster made all the difference. She could describe them petting and fawning over it while its imprisonment got increasingly on Linda's nerves, and the way it solidified their bond so that Linda felt left out" (p.55)
  • "expressed as a triangle, for instance, the Adam/Eve/serpent relationship is more tangible, since the function of triangulation is to fix two points by means of the third and therefore establish objectivity. If I was interested in metaphors, he said, the serpent's role is merely to create a viewpoint from which Adam's and Eve's weaknesses can be observed, and thus the snake might be representative of anything that triangulates the relationship of two identities, such as the arrival of a child might triangulate its parents" (p.96). I think triangulation fixes one point by means of two others
  • "but isn't it the case, he said, that it's the random thing that is so often the tool to lever yourself out of your rut?" (p.115)

Parenthood versus freedom

  • "My husband and I, in other words, had done our duty, and it was now that I considered taking some of those feminist principles I had distributed far and wide and using them for myself. The truth was that I had long wondered what might lie outside the circumscribed world of my marriage, and what freedoms and pleasures might be waiting for me there" (p.76)
  • "I have met people who have freed themselves from their family relationships. Yet there often seems to be a kind of emptiness in that freedom" (p.81)
  • "the biological basis of parenthood was essentially antithetical to reason, and as such could be seen as a whole system of inverted logic" (p.88)
  • "It may be the case, she said, that it is only when it is too late to escape that we see we were free all along" (p.110)

Misc

  • "He wore a heavy silver watch on his wrist and new-looking leather shoes on his feet" (p.3) (good places to wear watches and shoes)
  • "She was a tall, soft, thick-limbed woman made even taller by the elaborately strappy high-heeled sandals she wore on her feet" (p.43) (the sentence could have ended with "by her elaborately strappy high-heeled sandals")
  • "[her nose] was upturned and snub-ended and had a deep V in its bridge, as though someone had drawn it with a certain license, to make a point about the relationship between destiny and form" (p.70)
  • "'... Though of course if he were a woman,' she said, leaning more confidentially towards my ear, 'he would be scorned for his honesty, or at the very least no one would care.'" (p.147)
  • "There are a number of works, she said, executed when Bourgeois was the mother of small children, in which she portrays herself as a spider, and what is interesting about these works is not just what they convey about the condition of motherhood - in distinct contrast, she said, to the perennial male vision of the ecstatically fulfilled madonna - but also the fact that they appear to be children's drawings drawn in a child's hand" (p.190)

No chapters, only the occasional vertical centimetre of white space until p.122 where there's a half-page gap.

Other reviews

  • Kate Clanchy (In her novels, Cusk had never been comfortable with complex, long-form plots, but at the same time was doggedly intellectual, intent on foregrounding ideas ... Almost all Faye’s conversations are with people who are also interested in writing down stories, or indeed are in the act of writing Faye down for an interview, and there is a self-consciousness to all this, a riddling, hall-of-mirrors element that is the reverse of the radical humility of the first two books.)
  • Patricia Lockwood (in these books she is very specifically exploiting the public conversations of men, which they consider genial and beneficent, but which women very often consider a burden or an intrusion.)
  • Katy Waldman (Cusk believes that traditional fiction is broken; she seems to long for an alternative that is wholly unauthored, without artifice. In the service of that vision, she dispenses with every convention she can think of: plot, dialogue, interiority. Her recent books have a searching quality; they chase after radical realism, the authenticity of the ascetic who forswears all but the bones of life.)
  • Lloyd Evans (Cusk has a technical quirk which is noticeable in virtually every sentence she writes. All her characters have the same rhythms of speech, irrespective of their age, sex, or nationality. And they express themselves in the same register: detached, knowing, melancholy and sophisticated. ... Fey is constantly disappointed by lazy, deceitful or incompetent males)
  • Maggie Doherty (The question of female freedom, its variations and limitations, is one that has preoccupied Cusk throughout her career. ... The women of Kudos grapple with the legacy of second-wave feminism and wonder why, if we’re closer to gender equality than ever, they still feel so trapped and miserable ... The episode is typical of the trilogy: It’s a series of stories nested within each other like Russian dolls, each taking up the theme of captivity. ... Although Cusk’s material here is the same as in her earlier novels, she has reworked it so that it’s almost unrecognizable in its new form. The formal strategies she’s devised—outlining and erasing, compiling and undercutting—allow her to write honestly and precisely about the many sacrifices that women and men make in order to abide by the rules of domestic life. Unlike her memoirs, which at times can feel overwrought, Cusk finds a way here to be serious without being self-serious. ... If, at times, this fiction feels claustrophobic, with its fixed gender roles and its preclusion of alternative ways of living and loving, it is also compelling in subtle and surprising ways. Cusk has produced a portrait of domestic life that will resonate for some and feel entirely foreign for others—those to whom freedom comes more easily.)

Wednesday, 8 May 2019

"Conversations with friends" by Sally Rooney (Faber and Faber, 2017)

Bobbi (beautiful, rebellious lesbian) and the narrator Frances (bi though a hetero-virgin, clever, poor) are about 21 in Dublin, finishing degrees and performing poetry together that's written by Frances. They're befriended by Melissa (a photography and essayist) and Nick (an actor, ex Trinity) a married couple who are rather older. Frances has an affair with dishy Nick who she's excited by physically. She's insecure. She thinks of herself as "plain and emotionally cold" (p.83), looking like "something that had dropped off a spoon too quickly" (p.181).

Her personality hasn't yet set - "At any time I felt I could do or say anything at all, and only afterwards think: oh, so that's the kind of person I am" (p.19). Later "I was aware of the fact that he could pretend to be anyone he wanted to be, and I wondered if he also lacked a 'real personality' the same way I did" (p.39). Later still "I couldn't hear my own voice when I spoke, but I think I said something about wanting to talk to him" (p.168). She consoles herself by reading ex's old e-mails - proof that she was once loved. She analyses them for nuances, like literary texts.

She's rather desperate to know if people really like her, perhaps because "It had been obvious to me from a young age that my parents didn't like one another" (p.48). She agonises in passages like "Derek and Evelyn seemed instead to feel awkward on Nick's behalf, like they thought he had been trying to conceal his feelings from me; and toward me they expressed a kind of unspoken concern, maybe that I would be offended or upset. Evelyn kept glancing at me with a sympathetic expression" (p.130). Later, alone in her room she thinks "it was clear to me for the first time how badly I'd underestimated my vulnerability. I'd lied to everyone, to Melissa, even to Bobbi, just so I could be with Nick. I had left myself no one to confide in, no one who would feel any sympathy for what I'd done" (p.135).

Some of Frances' actions seem unlikely to me (the risk-taking of going to Nick's bedroom with Melissa in the same house; the one-night stand; interest in the bible) though I suppose her mental state might justify them.

She rushes to hospital after a heavy period that might be an early miscarriage. But it's not. The affair goes on, both parties unsure about the motives of the other (is communist Frances merely trying to wreck a bourgeois marriage?), both doing just enough to keep the affair going. The affair continues unabated after Nick's told Melissa about it (Melissa's transgressed a few times herself), and Bobbi shares a flat with Frances.

Frances has the first story she's written accepted, worth 800 euro! She'd only sent it to a friend of Melissa's. It's heavily based on real life, mostly Bobbi.

Then Nick starts sleeping with Melissa again (he reveals he had low self-esteem - just out of a mental home - when he met Frances), Frances discovers she has endometrosis, and Bobbi moves out having read the story. Frances cuts herself - not for the first time. Nick and Frances break up. Frances sleeps with Bobbi again. After a month of no contact, a wrong number gets Nick and Frances talking again and they seem to decide to get back together. The End.

Except for a few street names, Dublin hardly appears. The action is interpersonal, the dialogue psychologically probing. If you don't like phrases like "You're interpreting your failure to hurt me as hostility on my part, I said. That's interesting" (p.279), don't read this book. The characters are bright, sometimes in a show-off way. If you don't like banter such as "Bobbi thought the fetishisation of 'untouched nature' was intrinsically patriarchal and nationalistic. I like houses better than fields, I observed. They're more poetic, because they have people in them" (p.242) you'll find the book tedious. You may find the characters' naivety and pretension comic, and/or their personal development interesting. Towards the end Frances realises that "I was going through a second upbringing: learning a new set of assumptions, and feigning a greater level of understanding than I really possessed. By this logic Nick and Melissa were like my parents bringing me into the world, probably hating and loving me even more than my original parents did" (p.238).

One phrase seemed misplaced to me - "We were driving along by the harbour, where the ships implied themselves as concepts behind the fog" (p.138).

Other reviews

  • Blair (Okay, I think this book might have worked better for me if I'd read it before Elif Batuman's The Idiot. Batuman and Rooney give their narrators similar voices: sharp, clear and deadpan but excessively self-aware. Both use email conversations to map out the development of a relationship. Both novels are told from the perspective of naive, supposedly intelligent young women who appear largely passive, falling into particular courses of action more because of the lack of a viable alternative than any great impetus on their part. ... This is a character-driven novel, and for me, the characters were the problem. On a personal level, I hated (most of) them; on a critical level I felt they lacked the necessary depth to make the plot work (in particular, I did not believe in Melissa and Nick as a thirtysomething married couple). ... I could find absolutely no sympathy for Frances and just felt irritated every time she got bogged down in her emotional distress over Nick. Unfortunately, this makes up an awful lot of the book. The narrative is always best when it moves away from Frances and Nick's relationship.)
  • Claire Kilroy (Frances is an unusually contradictory creation, so clever and yet so blind. Her formidable intellect prompts her to adopt an ironic position towards everything – including herself. She repeatedly declares herself to be emotionally cold, despite evidence to the contrary. ... Rooney is not a visual writer. ... Rooney writes so well of the condition of being a young, gifted but self-destructive woman, both the mentality and physicality of it. She is alert to the invisible bars imprisoning the apparently free. )
  • Adam Mars-Jones (Frances, the heroine of Conversations with Friends, has great difficulty discerning her own characteristics and moods. She often has to work backwards from physical gestures or reactions to establish what her feelings must be ... The characters share an esperanto of badinage, sharper than the style spread worldwide by Friends and its successors but not definitively distinct from it. When every exchange is a little stylised battle it’s hard to spot the moment when things become more fully charged, flirtatious banter not being a form of dialectic but a strange poker game in which the stakes can suddenly be raised without any apparent choice on anyone’s part ... Overall what is both memorable and remarkable about the book is how much emotional incoherence and damage can be accommodated in the portrait of its heroine without loss of sympathy, how much self-hatred is compatible with a residual sense of worth.)

Wednesday, 27 March 2019

"Solar Bones" by Mike McCormack (Canongate, 2017)

It starts with

the bell
   the bell as
   hearing the bell as
      hearing the bell as standing here
      the bell being heard standing here

and is advertised as being one long sentence (it uses commas, line-breaks, paragraphs, dashes and italics). But it's not experimental, it's stream-of-consciousness - "A portrait of the artist ..." plus a little "Lincoln in the Bardo". Marcus Conway, an engineer, wakes to the sound of bells in an empty house, wife and kids gone. His thoughts drift, thinking about topics in the news, County Mayo, the economic crisis, unclean water supply, his kids. There are longuers - e.g.

falling to ruin in that specific way which proved it never existed even if all around us now there is that feeling of something massive and consequential having come asunder, as when certain pressures exceeded critical thresholds to admit that smidgen of chaos which brings the whole thing down around itself so that even if we believe this collapse is essentially in some adjacent realm there is no denying the gravitational pull we fell in everything around us now, the instability which thrills everywhere like a fever, so tangible you have to wonder/ how come we never noticed those tensions before (p.16)

There are interjections -

we took leave of each other with no intention whatsoever of further meetings or keeping in touch so that it was
    bridge building, Mairead choked
    the story of another man from another age, something remembered
    standing here in this kitchen
    only because it is woven into that memorial arc which curves from childhood to the present moment ...
(p.20)

There are more longeurs - low density paragraphs, passages that go on and on in the cause (I presume) of realism, the narrator having time on his hands

I seemed to be taking it in my stride, having readily interpreted it as another extension of that ordinary contentment which had come to me in marrying Mairead, so much so that now I found myself marvelling, not at the dullness of my response, but at the realisation that if she had stood there telling me she was not pregnant this indeed would have been shocking news, this would have stopped me in my tracks and caused me something deeper than the mild surprise which kept me sitting there at the kitchen table with my wife repeating desperately that yes, she was pregnant and with that settled there should have been a finality to the moment which would have allowed us to acknowledge it with a tearful embrace and congratulations before setting the whole thing aside for the time being - fuller discussion later that evening - as I was anxious to return to my breakfast and squeeze the last drop of peace and quiet from those few remaining minutes before going to work - all of which was my normal way of going about the morning but which now I now saw, from the look on Mairead's face, the normal way of doing things would not suffice any more as a new set of circumstances had just supervened (p.38)

and more

it was a beautiful summer's afternoon when we set out, a high, clear sky over us so that you could see the whole of the bay in every direction, from Westport Quay in the east, out to the horizon beyond Turk and Clare as we passed back the coast, keeping close to the shore so that the sea opened out to its full reach ahead of us and we could see across to Mulranny which, in the afternoon heat, was a blur, a distant shadow of coastline where sky and sea came together and once again the whole expanse of this blue day recalled my childhood conviction that here was nothing greater than the sea, no other width or breadth which could surpass or encompass it (p.99)

and more

I wondered what they relationship was as there was obviously some close connection - professional or romantic - but it was hard to say because while the woman's anxiety was very real, palpable to any onlooker, it could have fitted either scenario as there was not only the pleading of romantic breakdown, but also an urgent need to persuade this older man in a way which inclined me to believe that this might be a professional matter and that some workplace drama had occurred which still needed clarifying or smoothing over in some way or other because there was no mistaking the look on the woman's face as anything other than a visible fear she was being misunderstood, the fear that some gain or position has been jeopardised, or that some reputation, hard won but fragile, had been sullied in some way or other but, whether this was the case or not, one thing was obvious and it was that the man would rather not have had to hear about it on his lunchbreak (p.248)

The dialogue's snappy though, and characterisation rich. There are worthwhile anecdotes that could have been the symbolic centre of a story - his father and sonar, the mile-long ghost ship. There are poetic slides from one topic to another.

Is "highjack" on p.170 a typo?

Other reviews

  • Ian Sansom (an extraordinary novel by a writer not yet famous but surely destined to be acclaimed)
  • Martin Riker (a wonderfully original, distinctly contemporary book, with a debt to modernism but up to something all its own. ... For all its apparent stylistic complexity, “Solar Bones” is a beautifully simple book. Death has not solved Marcus’s worldly problems, only offered a shift of scope, and this is what McCormack’s novel offers as well. Where modernism took a world that appeared to be whole and showed it to be broken, “Solar Bones” takes a world that can’t stop talking about how broken it is, and suggests it might possibly be whole.)
  • Rob Doyle (Occasionally McCormack over-eggs the entropic pudding, as if anxious to show that he hasn’t abandoned the wilder concerns of his youth in favour of Establishment-friendly, McGahernesque domesticities. Mainly, however, his visionary intensity is not only convincing but spellbinding: the sci-fi imagination has receded, giving way to the awareness that illimitable awe and terror reside right here in the mundane, phenomenal world.)

Saturday, 9 March 2019

"The house of rumour" by Jake Arnott (Sceptre, 2013)

Chapter headings include "The Fool", "The Magician", "The Hierophant" (a person who interprets sacred mysteries), "Adjustment", "The Tower" - cards from a Tarot pack, apparently (Crowley later explains the name-changes).

At the start in "the fool" it's 1941 in the States. Larry Zagorski is a budding SF writer. In "The Magician" a spy called Fleming meets M then Crowley - in London where "The mournful wail of the air-raid siren was giving its nightly call to prayers" (p.31). "The female pope" is almost a self-contained short story.

After the first few sections the richness of the inter-linking becomes clear - double-agents, trans-sexuality, intellectual flirting with the woman giving the first kiss, writers, Nazism. Heinlein, Crowley, Bowie, and Hess appear, amongst many others. One book in particular, by a woman writing under a male pseudonym turns out to contain premonitions (predicting Hess' flight, etc) -

Nightmare Alley was certainly an intriguing work, an American picaresque novel viewed through the lens of the darker side of spiritualism. The writing was hard-boiled and cynical but touched with the sophistication of one who must have known enough of this world to be disillusioned by it. Using the Major Arcana as a structure looks like a gimmick at first but in the end the Tarot bestows an ominous gravity on the narrative. The novel seems to suggest that human degradation is the ultimate spiritual journey. (p.164)

Later the CIA seems to be supporting abstract art, belief in UFOs, SF movies, etc. "If you can't change the world, build a spaceship" is a repeated belief. Scientology's taken up by some characters. One narrator, a son of Larry's ex, survives the Jonestown massacre.

Characters start believing their own lies. Disinformation and conspiracy theories abound. Is Waldheim's voice really on Voyager I's gold disc? Nothing's what it seems - "I later found out that the organist liked to improvise around a jaunty tune slowed to a funeral pace" (p.117)

"The Tower" is an essay about Zagorski - "[Swastika Night] inspired Larry to start work on what was to become The Quantum Arcana of Arnold Jabubowski (1966), a cycles of twenty-two interconnected stories structured around the trump cards in the Tarot deck. Zagorski spent longer on this novel than any other and he was never happy with it" (p.312). "Village Voice declared it a 'meta-fictional masterpiece'; The New York Times called it 'a confused and self-indulgent mess'" (p.313) "The span of his career has seen SF go from being about the probable, the possible, the impossible, the metaphysical to the ordinary, the everyday" (p.319)

Timelines clash when Hess recalls the first moon landing, and his flight to Scotland, listening to opera on the radio -

CAPCOM: Apollo 11, this is Houston. About three and a half minutes. You're still looking good. Your predicted cut-off is right on the nominal.
ARMSTRONG: Roger. Apollo 11's GO.

The completed their final manoeuvre around the earth and prepared for translunar injection. Hess turned due west, the Jutland coastline falling away below him. It was nearing twilight.

PARSIFAL
I hardly move,
Yet far I seem to come
(p.346)

Zagorski gets the final chapter too, pulling together a few remaining loose ends.

Other reviews

Wednesday, 6 March 2019

"Storia di Ali" by Giovanni Mariotti (Marsilio, 2005)

Teenager Ali works at a filling station in a desert. He sleeps there too. The old boss Jack and his twenty-something daughter Emily live 100m away in a caravan. She's not allowed out and isn't allowed mirrors. Her knowledge of sex is limited to what she's learnt from her father's porn. She's watched Ali from a distance. One night she sneaks out and seduces Ali, saying she'll come again but only if he doesn't look at her face.

Ali, a Muslim, grew up in another desert. He left when he was 6 with an older boy, also called Ali. They separated when the older Ali became fundamentalist. Young Ali's more interested in football. He discovers that his new country (USA?) is at war with his old one (Iraq?). He imagines arriving in his home-village on a US tank. He wonders what wearing a suicide belt may be like.

Five Hells Angels arrive threateningly. Jack scares them off with a gun. They promise to return the next day. When they do, he shoots them. Jack's put in prison - he had terminal cancer anyway.

Emily has a facial disfigurement. She decides to get a burqa and call herself Fatima. Ali gets a phone call from a hospital - his uncle Ali who'd emigrated to the States years before is gravely ill. So Ali and Fatima catch a train to visit the uncle, who's become westernised - he has a carpet firm. After the visit, the couple pop into a sex shop, then the beach, which Emily/Fatima has never seen before.

Less than 120 pages. See also al Sahara.